{"id":3918,"date":"2021-11-20T15:29:20","date_gmt":"2021-11-20T15:29:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.untoldstories.site\/?p=3918"},"modified":"2022-09-19T20:13:51","modified_gmt":"2022-09-19T20:13:51","slug":"economics-of-scale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.untoldstories.site\/es\/economics-of-scale\/","title":{"rendered":"Economics Of Scale"},"content":{"rendered":"

Some problems, such as unemployment cannot be solved in a fair way unless globalization is abolished, while other problems, such as the exploitation of workers can be solved without interfering with social security or globalization. The possible solutions to stop unemployment are through protectionism, or the decreased taxes on capital, and, a possible solution would be to certify goods which are produced within the European standards, to stop the exploitation of the developing world\u2019s workers. Many of Africa\u2019s poorest countries suffer from a marked lack of infrastructure including poor roads, limited electricity, and minimal access to education and telephones. But while landline use has not changed appreciably during the past ten years, there\u2019s been a fivefold increase in mobile phone access; more than a third of people in Sub-Saharan Africa have the ability to access a mobile phone . Even more can use a “village phone”\u2014through a shared-phone program created by the Grameen Foundation.
\nSome women who have been unable to find adequate employment in their own countries have turned to labor migration, which we discuss below. Sex work, including child prostitution, has also increased under these conditions . While many countries have liberalized capital markets and eased barriers to transnational trade in goods and services under globalization, most have not eliminated barriers to the flow of labor. Indeed, some affluent countries, such as the United States, have implemented more restrictive immigration policies, leading to the detention and deportation of thousands of undocumented immigrants and the militarization of national borders. Despite these restrictions, however, migration has increased along with other processes of globalization.
\nFree trade is more accessible for conglomerates as compared to small business and local buyers. Despite the wave of populism and elitism, globalization encourages more cooperation than isolation. Hence, a certain level of economic relationship is to be maintained through alliances to preserve resources. Modern modes of communication allow access to more culture, information, and knowledge. Globalization does not allow countries to control the currencies of other local economies. Dani Rodrik of Harvard used Dollar and Kraay’s data to look at whether the single-best measure of openness — a country’s tariff levels — correlates with growth.
\nThe amount of imports should be reduced in order to prosper national production, and therefore create more working opportunities. All of the mentioned concepts are to attract national business and production in order to create jobs; once foreign products have higher costs, national produced merchandise compete better in the market and therefore the industry grows to create and protect jobs. Secondly, subsidies which sponsor businesses will sponsor some of the businesses in order for them to sell their produce for lower prices than the foreign products so that their produce also competes better in the market. Protectionism also needs higher taxes in order to function properly, and is therefore disliked by many people. More positively, some feminist philosophers contend that globalization has enabled women to claim their human rights by creating “new spaces, institutions and rhetoric where the notion of universal human rights is a powerful justificatory principle” .<\/p>\n

Globalization brings reorganization at the international, national, and sub-national levels. Specifically, it brings the reorganization of production, international trade, and the integration of financial markets. This affects capitalist economic and social relations, via multilateralism and microeconomic phenomena, such as business competitiveness, at the global level. The transformation of production systems affects the class structure, the labor process, the application of technology, and the structure and organization of capital. Globalization is now seen as marginalizing the less educated and low-skilled workers. Business expansion will no longer automatically imply increased employment.
\n\"globalisation
\nThe country\u2019s belt and road initiative is binding dozens of nations in Asia, Africa and Europe into Beijing\u2019s economic orbit. A synthesis of the short-term as well as long-term global business perspective and an ethical perspective is called for. Business manger just-should not owe a fiduciary duty to serve the best interest of their share holders to \u2018pay\u2019 for sustainable development but also to care for the potential future safeguarding interest of prosperity towards the global society. In the global economic pursuits ecological ethics should be the handmaid of the business ethics. A clear perception towards ecological balance in ethical manner is required. Environmental friendly technology possible to be invested and innovated when it is supported and also compelled by government of different nations.
\nThese transnational networks, sometimes referred to as “global civil society,” connect millions of people around the world based on shared political commitments. Consequently, some feminist philosophers believe that political “globalization from below” provides women and other vulnerable people with an effective means for resisting the inequalities created by economic globalization. For instance, some feminists argue that globalization has created new transnational public spheres in which political opinion can be marshaled to hold leaders democratically accountable . First, feminist approaches to globalization seek to provide frameworks for understanding the gender injustices associated with globalization. Rather than developing all-encompassing ideal theories of global justice, however, feminist philosophers tend to adopt the non-ideal theoretical perspectives, which focus on specific, concrete issues. Early feminist analyses focused on issues that were widely believed to be of particular importance to women around the world, such as domestic violence, workplace discrimination, and human rights violations against women.
\nEconomic globalization is marked by the sale of state-owned enterprises, goods, and services to private investors in the name of expanding markets and increasing efficiency. Such assets include banks, key industries, highways and railroads, power and electricity, education, and healthcare. Privatization often also involves the sale of publicly owned, economically exploitable natural resources, such as water, minerals, forests, and land, to private investors. Free trade policies, such as the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement , seek to integrate regional or global markets by reducing trade barriers among nations. Signatory countries typically agree to eliminate tariffs, such as duties and surcharges, as well as nontariff obstacles to trade, such as licensing regulations, quotas on imports, and subsidies to domestic producers.
\nEven rules of fair games are not just flaunted but developing countries are always reminded that positive sum games are not easy to play in a global economy. However, the same patterns of social inequality that create a digital divide in the United States also create digital divides within peripheral and semi-peripheral nations. While the growth of technology use among countries has increased dramatically over the past several decades, the spread of technology within countries is significantly slower among peripheral and semi-peripheral nations. In these countries, far fewer people have the training and skills to take advantage of new technology, let alone access it. Technological access tends to be clustered around urban areas and leaves out vast swaths of peripheral-nation citizens. While the diffusion of information technologies has the potential to resolve many global social problems, it is often the population most in need that is most affected by the digital divide.
\nLarger firms often suffer poor communication because they find it difficult to maintain an effective flow of information between departments, divisions or between head office and subsidiaries. Time lags in the flow of information can also create problems in terms of the speed of response to changing market conditions. For example, a large supermarket chain may be less responsive to changing tastes and fashions than a much smaller, \u2018local\u2019 retailer. Financial economies exist because large firms can gain financial savings because they can usually borrow money more cheaply than small firms.<\/p>\n